The Idea And Operation Of Free Trade Essay - 1771 Words

The idea and operation of free trade has spurred economic growth for several countries around the world. This system of trading, first came about during the sixteenth century, by Spanish philosopher Francisco de Vitoria. In one of his various manuscripts, De Indis et de Ivre Belli Relectiones, Vitoria employs the word â€Å"right† to free trade (Gregg, 2009). By this, Vitoria meant the right to free trade came from the natural right of free association. From his understanding, free association was fundamental for human prosperity. He believed national boundaries limited people’s freedom to interact with one another, especially for economic reasons (Gregg, 2009). Trading among nations is an essential network, for both domestic and international gains. In free trade agreements, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), sovereign states are able to import and export goods without tariff barriers and government intervention. Thus, facilitating trade between nations. Consumers could then purchase quality products at lower costs. Free trade also has the potential to boost globalization through the global interconnectedness. In order for free trade to work smoothly among nations, trade agreements are created to implement certain procedures and rules. For example, agreements might include the amount of exports allowed per country. Nations are always searching for ways to expand their economic growth, and by developing free trade compromises, they areShow MoreRelatedApec: Its Successes and Future Prospects1253 Words   |  6 Pagesof the region and some of the most dynamic, fastest growing economies in the world. Statistically, APEC members have a combined Gross Domestic Product of over $16 trillion and carry out 42% of world trade. Over the past few years, APECs role has grown in both depth and scope and now encompasses trade liberalization, business facilitation, economic and technical cooperation. Despite the differences in the levels of economy growth, there is a growing sense of common purpose and cooperation aimedRead MoreThe Concept Of Fair Trade867 Words   |  4 PagesIn this essay, I will discuss the concept of Fair Trade, and what it means in regards to globalization. More specifically, in this essay I will attempt to explore the potential of this theory, in regards to how it addresses the exploitations and inequalities created by the current system as addressed by certain authors. I also look to see if the concept of Fair Trade conforms to the ideology of modernization as some scholars seem to believe. Finally, I look into the application of this theory inRead MoreHistory Of The North American Free Trade Agreement Essay1055 Words   |  5 PagesNAFTA Controversy The purpose of this document is to explore the history of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the effects NAFTA has had on Canada, the United States of America (specifically American labor and job market) and Mexico. It will also delve into the current state of NAFTA, the advantages and disadvantages to American economy and what the future holds for this historic trade agreement. NAFTA has effected many parts of the world and not just the three countries who originallyRead MoreThe Black Sea Economic Cooperation1323 Words   |  6 Pagesforeign trade capacity of over 300 billion USD annually. Recently the BSEC’s council of foreign ministers began meetings in Thessaloniki by examining applications for membership from four new prospective members. Applications to join came from Yugoslavia, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Uzbekistan and Iran. Free Trade Zones A free trade zone is a special site within a country but deemed to be outside of the customs territory, where valid regulations related to foreign trade and otherRead MoreIs Free Trade a Necessity for Aiding Worldwide Economic Development?1539 Words   |  6 Pagestransactions of imports and exports are essential, is free trade a necessity for aiding worldwide economic development? At least John F. Kennedy thought so, he being the initiator of removing tariffs and other limitations on U.S. imports. His hypothesis was that by doing that, other nations would follow Americas example and leadership. This is not a new notion either, nor is it confined to American Presidents. No nation was ever ruined by trade, stated Benjamin Franklin in the 18th century. FranklinsRead MoreEssay about Globalization and SC Johnson1550 Words   |  7 Pagesare many trade theories that support the idea of globalization. The theory of absolute advantage states that all countries differ in their ab ility to make goods efficiently. The theory suggests that each country should specialize in manufacturing products in areas where it has a distinct advantage over other countries. And that same country should import goods in areas where they are weaker. Another theory is the theory of comparative advantage. It suggests that unrestricted free trade betweenRead MoreGlobalizations Impact on Government Business Relations1845 Words   |  7 PagesHow has globalization impacted on government business relations? What is globalization? 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This free market force became known as the invisible hand (www.Investopedia.com). This conceptRead MoreAn Exhibition Of First Class Art Performance Dance And Theatre1372 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst class art performance dance and theatre. Held during the first week of March. †¨ Fruits Festival — Celebration and appreciation of the myriad of fruits the island/country offers. An array of all the most exotic fruits are offered to people for free on June 1st! Easter — Easter eggs, egg hunts, food, gifts, and treats are a way of celebrating the resurrection of Jesus Christ in the month of April International Beach Clean Up Day — To honour what the land has to offer, visitors and locals gatherRead MoreGlobalization Is A Key Component Of A Corporation s Global Business Strategy1196 Words   |  5 PagesGlobalization is a particular process driven by international trade and investment intentions that works to integrate the companies, people, and governments of different nations. Globalization has an impact on several key factors of the global nations and citizens. Just a few of the things impacted by globalization are the environment, political systems, culture, economic development, prosperity, quality of life, and the well-being of people in societies around the world. Information technology has

Pittsburgh Music History - 1449 Words

Throughout Pittsburgh history, the area has produced many acclaimed musicians and music organizations that have created music that has been enjoyed across America. Pittsburgh is a city of music with a history in Jazz, Classical, Pop, Doo-Wop, Rock, and most currently Rap. Many of Pittsburgh’s old musicians are award winning performers and song writers who have sold millions of records. Their music can now be heard on movies, TV, and even Broadway shows. These famous artists would be nothing without their teachers, producers, music promoters, managers, and radio personalities. This essay will take a look back into the roots of Pittsburgh to examine its historical and cultural music background. The music legacy of Pittsburgh began back in†¦show more content†¦In the 1840’s Pittsburgh’s growing working class wanted more entertainment. To meet this demand there was an increase in construction of new music halls over the next two decades. The new theaters included the Melodeon Theatre, Lafayette Hall, Foster’s Gaieties, Trimble’s Variety, Vierheller’s Concert Garden, Wilkens Hall, Sefton’s Opera House, The Pittsburgh Opera House, the Academy of Music, the new Masonic Hall, and the Eagle Ice Cream Saloon that launched the career of Stephen Foster. It all began with Stephen Foster. His songs Oh! Susanna and Camptown Races remain fairly popular today. Foster is acknowledged as father of American music.† He was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1970, and he was also inducted into the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2010. Following him in the first signs of â€Å"pop† music was Adam Wade, Vaughn Monro e, Josie Carrie, and even Chris Kirkpatrick from N’Sync. All these pop stars plus many, many more were Pittsburgh natives. A baby boomer generation of rock artists emerged from Pittsburgh during the 1960s and 1980s. Wild Cherry had their smash hit Play that Funky Music.† Other small bands included Diamond Reo, The Granati Brothers, the Iron City Houserockers, and the Silencers. These along with other bands released recordings on the major labels and received airplay across the nation. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Expansion Of The World War II1673 Words   |  7 PagesSince World War II, Pittsburgh has transitioned from a manufacturing town to one of health, education, and technology. It has been used as an example of how rust belt cities can come back after a major loss of industry. Not only was the economy able to deal with the blow of the loss of steel, but also the culture and quality of life was able to improve when things looked bleak. Evidence of this is visible in the innovative building use, use of public land, and public amenities. In the time afterRead MoreTen Reasons You Should Retire In P ittsburgh906 Words   |  4 Pages10 Reasons you Should Retire in Pittsburgh Are you getting to the stage in life where you are starting to seriously consider retirement? We’ve all heard about some of the more standard retirement centers, like Phoenix, Fort Lauderdale, Honolulu, San Diego, and Albuquerque. But have you ever thought about †¦ Pittsburgh? Yes, really! Here are ten reasons to seriously consider the City of Bridges. 10. Affordability In 2014, CBS News listed their top ten picks for the most affordable places to retireRead MoreThe National Association For Music Education990 Words   |  4 Pages Break Point 4.1 The National Association for Music Education has several general standards put into place (the National Coalition for Core Arts Standards). These standards center around the theme of music literacy and attempt to improve the three most important aspects of music learning: creating, performing, and responding. These aspects are designed to be applied to a student s musical performance as well as their conduct in the community. The standards are used throughout the United StatesRead MoreBest Buy Co., Inc.1225 Words   |  5 Pages THERE IS NO PLACE YOUR MUSIC CAN’T GO Prepared for Hubert Joly President and CEO Best Buy Co., Inc. Prepared by Lucas Yarnell, CEO Fiona, CFO Juan Andrews, COO Natalie Beers, CCO Sara Orner, CMO UnderWater Tempo December 1, 2015 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION UnderWater Tempo would like to partner with Best Buy to sell the BlueWave underwater/waterproof speaker. A company like Best Buy that sells the most up to date andRead MoreThe Vast History of the Carnegie Science Center558 Words   |  2 Pages Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, home to nearly 300,000 Americans. Pittsburgh is the world’s steel and glass capital, ketchup, and the world’s first radio broadcasting station. This city also holds one of the greatest science centers in the United States. This center is known as the Carnegie Science Center. This science center is home to two different science centers that came together as one. It has a very vast history and importance to its region. Its ability to attract families and people all of agesRead MoreOverview of Cultural Anthropology1117 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Cultural Anthropology The nature of the culture: farming, hunting, gathering, fishing, cattle raising, industrialization etc. The uses and measures of wealth. Jamaica has a history of farming, hunting, gathering and fishing going back to colonial days. This is when the British colonized the country in order to provide them with a number of agricultural products they could sell on the world markets. The most notable include: sugar cane, coffee, bananas, yams, citrus fruits, vegetables and fishRead MoreRadio Broadcast in America991 Words   |  4 PagesRadio initiated in the latter portion of the 1900’s, a race war and world war shattered America was becoming gradually different than any time in her history. Thanks to the radio and its widespread adoption across the country as the collective form of mass media and entertainment. â€Å"The world of fantasy created by commercial radio programming was the most popular medium of entertainment in the United States from the 1920s until the 1950s. Tens of millions of citizens tuned in thousands of stationsRead MoreRoaring Twenties Essay839 Words   |  4 Pagesathletes were being identifi ed as heroes for the first time in history. This was the time of great athletes such as Babe Ruth. American Football reached the professional leagues and Illinois superstar recruit Harold Red Grange attracted huge crowds to the new leagues. In fact, Americans held dominance in most professional sports including golf, tennis and boxing. Some sports brought in millions of dollars in profits at each event! In music, the Jazz Age came about with artists like Bessie SmithRead MoreEssay about Roaring Twenties772 Words   |  4 Pagesathletes were being identified as heroes for the first time in history. This was the time of great athletes such as Babe Ruth. American Football reached the professional leagues and Illinois superstar recruit Harold â€Å"Red† Grange attracted huge crowds to the new leagues. In fact, Americans held dominance in most professional sports including golf, tennis and boxing. Some sports brought in millions of dollars in profits at each event! In music, the Jazz Age came about with artists like Bessie Smith andRead MoreRadio Communication : Radio And Radio1396 Words   |  6 Pagesalmost entirely and it became a costly tool in sending and getting messages to the armed forces. In the 1920s, after the war, radios began to grow in popularity amongst the people. Across the U.S. and Europe, broadcasting stations such as KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and England s British Broadcasting Company (BBC) began to surface. Radio has improved throughout the years to help us. Henirich Hertz was a German physicist, who died at age 37 from food poisoning and he was the first to prove that

Cloud Computing Research Free Essays

The world revolves around money. Why pay more for less or why would you pay for something that you don’t need. In this research essay I will explore the Cloud Services community. We will write a custom essay sample on Cloud Computing Research or any similar topic only for you Order Now I will explain what important services to have are and which type of cloud services you should have for the size of the company you are running or plan to run. The basic criteria people need to know about cloud services and what they offer is the most important. First and most importantly is the price. Others are storage space you allowed to have, reliability, features, upload speed, ease of use. These will be the premise of using to find out what service would be best for you. The first cloud provider chosen to look at is Amazon. Amazon EC2’s simple web service interface allows you to obtain and configure capacity with minimal friction. It provides you with complete control of your computing resources and lets you run on Amazon’s proven computing environment. Amazon EC2 reduces the time required to obtain and boot new server instances to minutes, allowing you to quickly scale capacity, both up and down, as your computing requirements change. Amazon EC2 changes the economics of computing by allowing you to pay only for capacity that you actually use. Amazon EC2 provides developers the tools to build failure resilient applications and isolate themselves from common failure scenarios (Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud ). Next we are going to look at Google cloud service. Google offers seamless integration with current Google products is one of the best features that are being offered. There may also be the ability to connect to future Google software for movies and music. The features of other Google products are very helpful. Those would include Google Maps, Docs, Google Search and Gmail. There are lots of other products that Google has developed and released for free, but lately they have been shutting down some of those projects to focus on other areas of the business. One exciting feature of Drive is the optical character recognition technology they have added. That means that customers will be able to scan images of text and the system can convert it over to digital text. It can also be used for image recognition so that every time you search for a word in your files or on the internet, images you have uploaded will be included in those search results. The initial 5GB are free and possibly will be ad funded. Then they are offering a 25GB and 50GB plan with monthly pricing. We will update our review as soon as we know more. Though, we have heard that 1TB will cost around $49. 99 a month (The Ten best Cloud Storage). Next we are going to look at Rackspace. The Rackspace Cloud is a growing set of Cloud-related products and services billed on a utility computing basis, including web application hosting/cloud platform (â€Å"Cloud Sites†), cloud storage (â€Å"Cloud Files†), VPS/Virtual private server (â€Å"Cloud Servers†), Cloud Load Balancers, Cloud Databases, Cloud Backup, Cloud Monitoring, and more. The Rackspace Cloud was one of the first commercial cloud computing services (Rackspace Cloud). So given the basic information above we are going to find out what is best for the consumer. Are you a large Fortune 500 company or are you a startup company looking for space where you wouldn’t have to buy a server and all the necessary equipment to run an IT department. For large companies you should stick with a provider that is not going any place soon and this is Google. Google is a very large company that can offer a lot of space and resources for your company to run. If you are a smaller company and looking to keep your budget down then Rackspace would be the way to go. Now if you are the one that loves to take pictures and have them uploaded then either Google or Amazon would be the way to go for you. Whatever your case may be this will help you in determining what cloud service you may want. How to cite Cloud Computing Research, Essays

A Journey To The Center Of The free essay sample

Earth Essay, Research Paper In the novel, A Journey to the Center of the Earth, writer Jules Verne tells the fabricated narrative of three work forces and their escapades as they descend into the deepnesss of the Earth. The taking character in this expedition is a fifty-year-old German professor named Hardwigg. He is an uncle to the storyteller, Henry ( Harry ) , a simple Englishman. The other adult male is Hans, a calm Icelandic usher. Professor Hardwigg finds a piece of parchment that written in Runic in a book. Harry finds out before his uncle that it says there is a manner to acquire into the centre of the Earth through a mountain ( Mt. Sneffels ) in Iceland. Harry is loath to state his uncle the message because he is afraid his uncle will really desire to see the centre of the Earth. He was right because the professor wanted to research every bit shortly as possible. We will write a custom essay sample on A Journey To The Center Of The or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They head off to Iceland, and, along the manner, receive Hans as their usher. The journey to the mountain itself takes a piece. They reach the entryway to the centre, and from at that place, they head indoors. Once in the dark mazes, they descend ( this goes on for yearss ) . The three work forces so face troubles: thirst, visible radiation, acquiring lost, hurts, and weariness, were among them. They make many finds. They find that there? s a sea, with fish and sea monsters. They find woods, elephantine mushrooms, animate beings that look like dinosaurs, and even what seems to be elephantine human existences. The thought of composing this narrative came from a scientist who explored the crater of a certain mountain. Verne got the thought that maybe it would be possible to fall even further into the Earth. Many of Verne? s? phantasy? narratives have come true in the old ages following his decease in the twelvemonth 1905. A Journey to the Center of the Earth is farthest from world. Even with the engineering we have today, it would be impossible for one to fall into the Earth. For one thing, we know now t hat the Earth can? t be hollow because of utmost force per unit areas and temperatures. Peoples became interested in Verne? s narratives during his clip because though they were unrealistic, they were excessively interesting and entertaining to go through up. Some people even believed he had traveled to the many topographic points that he wrote of. While look intoing into a hotel one time, the adult female told him to rest good in the room because he must be tired from his many escapades. She likely thought this because Verne uses facts of scientific discipline so good the narrative can look as if it were really the existent thing. Verne? s Hagiographas about pigboats, infinite travel, choppers were prognostications of the hereafter. It is a enigma how he came up with such thoughts for wondrous told escapades. Verne grew up when steam engines were altering the universe. He was the first author to proclaim that scientific find could motivate singular narratives. I found A Journey to the Center of the Earth thoughtful and mind-boggling at the same clip. The finds they find are genuinely incredible: Sea monsters, a sea, giants, woods and elephantine mushrooms. These are certainly non-existent because nil like them could populate in such fortunes. The characters in this narrative must hold besides been highly strong and determined, since they? re able to populate for so long resistance in darkness ( slightly ) . The beginning of the narrative is rather slow ; they take a long clip to get down falling into the Earth. Once you get into the narrative, its quite easy to happen yourself in the thick of the channels of granite. A Journey to the Center of the Earth is a wondrous good written book. The really thought of a individual being able to go into the Earth is singular in itself. To set seas and animals into the narrative is exceeding. Jules Verne is such a great author, he makes this escapade seem as if it really happened ; as if it weren? T merely some phantasy, but an undeniable being.

Life Of Comenius Essays - Virtue, Metaphysics, John Amos Comenius

Life Of Comenius In Moravia in 1592, Comenius, one of the greatest educational theorists to date, was brought into life. From his father he received ordinary elementary and grammar school education. While attending school the incompetence of his teachers drove him to become a school reformer. Still today, 300 years later, we find his teachings to be the origins of contemporary or recent trends of thought. Comenius's theories can be seen today through the relatively young philosophy of progressivism. Through Comenius's views on the nature and character of society, the nature of the individual, and the nature of knowledge, one can see how his views on education may have influenced the development of progressivism. One view that must be looked upon is the nature and character of society. Comenius believed that human society is an educative society: though this idea is not explicitly stated until the nineteenth century. In other words society teaches all things to all men and from all view points as well as the fundamental union between the educational ideal and the ideal of international organization. This then proceeds into the nature of the individual. The nature of the individual should also be considered when looking into Comenius's philosophy. Comenius believed in three main issues that cannot be separated. These three aspects consist of Erudition, virtue or seemly morals, and religion or piety. In other words, we comprehend the knowledge of all things, arts, and tongue; under virtue, not only external decorum, but the whole disposition of our internal and external movements; while by religion we understand that inner veneration by which the mind of man attaches to the supreme Godhead (Reisner 24). Comenius states that, In these three things is situated the whole excellence of man, for they alone are the foundation of the present and the future (Reisner, 24). All other things (beauty, riches, strength, long life) only lead to harmful destruction if he should greedily gape after them and overwhelm himself with them. Along the lines of virtue, Comenius believed that the seeds of virtue are born with man. However this belief is bou nd up in a twofold argument. Comenius states, ?every man delights in harmony; man himself, externally and internally, is nothing but a harmony (Reisner 30). In other words, just like a piece of clock work where throughout the whole structure one part depends on the other, and the movements are perpetuated and harmonized; mans body functions in the same respect. Thus we do not forthwith pronounce it to be of no further use if it becomes disorganized and corrupt; thus with regard to man, no matter how disorganized by his fall into sin, he can, through the grace of god and by certain methods, be restored to harmony again (Reisner 32). Therefore throughout life each man strives to keep harmony internally and externally. Without it he would be lost and self-destruction would slowly take its course. Another aspect that Comenius believes is naturally planted into humans is the seeds of knowledge. Comenius also flows the nature of knowledge into his philosophy. In his epistemological view he believes that the seed of knowledge is planted into man. Therefore it is not necessary to have anything brought to man from the outside, but only that that which he possesses rolled up within hisself should be unfolded and disclosed. Comenius explains that since everything in the universe can either be seen, heard, smelled, tasted, and touched, it follows that there is nothing which cannot be compassed by a man endowed with sense and reason. Therefore all things exist in man, and that only if he is sufficiently skilled to strike the sparks to bring out his knowledge will he ever reap the fullest enjoyment of the marvelous treasures of gods wisdom. The truth of this is backed by the early years of childhood where the five senses are in search of food, and in return brings forth the knowledge. Comenius states, ?for an active nature nothing is so intolerable as ease and sloth (Reisner 28). Th erefore man has a natural desire for the wealth of knowledge and even the ignorant wish to be partakers of this wisdom, if they could only deem it possible. For Comenius believes the true

How the teachings of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab influenced everyday life in Saudi Arabia The WritePass Journal

How the teachings of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab influenced everyday life in Saudi Arabia Introduction How the teachings of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab influenced everyday life in Saudi Arabia IntroductionReferencesRelated Introduction Commins (2006, p. 97) asserts that the teachings of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab have influenced the contemporary political and cultural environment in Saudi Arabia. This religious movement, commonly referred to as the Wahhabi movement started in central Arabia in the mid-18th Century and grew because of the preaching and scholarship of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. According to Zayd (2006, p. 41), Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab was a scholar of Islamic jurisprudence who received his education in Mesopotamia and Hijaz and then returned to Najd (central Arabia) to advocate for Islamic reforms. This paper explores how his teachings influenced the everyday life in Saudi Arabia. Allen (2006, p.89) says that Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab was concerned with the practices of the people of Najd, which he regarded as polytheistic and wanted them to stop the practices. He wanted reforms that would remove all practices that were added to Islam after the death of Mohammad. He was against practices like using votive and sacrificial offerings, veneration of caves, stones and trees, celebration of birthdays of prophets, praying to saints and making pilgrimages to special mosques and tombs. These were common practices in Najd and the people here regarded them as being in compliance with Islamic teachings. However, to Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab they were polytheistic. He was concerned with these practices because he perceived them as being lax in terms of adherence to Islamic law. In addition to this, he was also concerned with the fact that the people were reluctant to perform religious devotions like disregard to obligatory prayers, not showing care to the widows and orph ans, rampant adultery and failure to give women their fair share of inheritance. These practices formed the basis of his preaching as he was determined to make the people change their ways of life and start living in full compliance with Islamic laws. Weston (2008, p. 11) asserts that his teachings revolved around the breaches of Islamic laws and emphasised the need to comply with all customary practices like jahiliya. He initially encountered opposition but eventually overcame it by forming an alliance with Muhammad ibn Saud, a local chieftain. This alliance ensured that his influence endured through difficult times because Muhammad ibn Saud was very powerful in southern Najd. Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab and his descendants converted the alliance that was initially for political loyalty into religious obligation that had to be followed by everyone. In his teachings, he insisted that all Muslims must present an oath of allegiance (bayah) to Muslim leaders when alive so that they can get redemption when they die. He emphasised that Muslim leaders must be given unquestionable allegiance from the people as long as they are providing leadership that is in full conformity with Islamic laws. He held the perception that the purpose of the Muslim community was to be a living embodiment of Islamic laws (Hegghammer Lacroix 2011, p. 64). The responsibility of ensuring that the community knows and conforms to the laws of God lay squarely on the legitimate rulers. Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab and his followers then started a jihad targeting the backsliding Muslims in the region to ensure that there is total obedience to Muslim rulers and God. This was the beginning of religious intolerance in Saudi Arabia. Fatah (2008, p. 77) claims that the key message in the teachings of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab was tawhid (oneness of God). Tawhid is very important in Saudi Arabia and it is emphasised by both state and religious leaders. It is for this reason that its adherents call the movement as the call for unity (ad dawa lil tawhid). He was against third party intercession and all prayer rituals because he considered them as leading to shirk. This is why he objected Sufi mysticism, celebrating the birthdays of prophets and Shia mourning ceremonies which were considered as religious festivals. As a consequence grave marking, building of tombs and any other shrines are forbidden in Wahhabism. However this is partly practised in Saudi Arabia because the shrine of Prophet Muhammad is in the country and Muslims go there to pay pilgrimage. They only accept authority from the Sunna and Quran and disregard any reinterpretation of the two books on issues that were already settled by the previous jurists. They totally remain opposed to reinterpretation but give allowance for interpreting the areas not decided by the earlier jurists. Livingstone (2011, p. 50) suggests that they literally interpret the Sunna and Quran and aim towards enforcing parochial Najd practices. The religious and political leadership work collectively in ensuring that there is conformity in behaviour throughout the country. Life in Saudi Arabia is guided by Wahhabism as the government remains committed to ensuring that there is full compliance with Islamic laws (Brym Lie 2010, p. 31). In addition to this, the government has supported the Wahhabi literal interpretations of right and wrong behaviour. Prayer performance in a ritually correct and punctual manner is required of all men. Livingstone (2011, p.54) says that all the believers are forbidden from taking wine because literally, the Quran forbids it. They have extended this ban to include all intoxicating drinks and stimulants like tobacco. Both men and women are required to dress modestly in accordance with the Quran. These conservative regulations have direct influence on all aspects of life in Saudi Arabia. The leaders of Saudi Arabia support the conservative religious establishment and monitor closely the people who present potential threats to their regimes (Lacroix Holoch 2011, p. 96). In the Middle East, Saudi Arabia ranks as one of the most conservative and restrictive countries with those who do not subscribe to the Islamic religion barred from practicing their faith even in private (DeLong-Bas 2007, p. 66). It is this harsh, conservative and restrictive environment that has led to radicalisation of some people in Saudi Arabia as they have no tolerance to other religious faiths. In school the religious curriculum teaches students that there are two types of people; the first one is the Salafis (Wahhabis) who are the chosen ones and will go to heaven because they are the winners. The other group are Muslims, Jews, Christians and all other religions. These ones are either, enervators, or deniers of God (kafirs) or they put their gods next to God (mushrak). The Sunni Muslims are called enervators because they do things that are proscribed by Salafis like celebrating the birthday of Prophet Mohammed (Husain 2009, p. 15). All these groups of people are not accepted b y the Saudi Arabians as Muslims and as such, they are supposed to be hated, persecuted and even killed. This is what the government is encouraging and has led the Saudi Arabians to be intolerant to any other dissenting views on religion because of the rapid radicalisation and fundamentalism (Allen 2006, p. 77). This paper has shown that the teachings of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab influenced everyday life in Saudi Arabia. His teachings, which were originally intended to bring reforms to the Islamic faith, have gone to the extent of radicalising the people of Saudi Arabia. As the paper indicates, they have no tolerance for other religions. To them, the people of other religions should be hated, persecuted and even killed. This is what is fuelling fundamentalism and radicalism in Saudi Arabia and has already brought about extreme terrorists like Osama bin laden among others. References Allen, C. (2006). Gods terrorists: the Wahhabi cult and the hidden roots of modern Jihad. Cambridge: Da Capo Press. Brym, R. J., Lie, J. (2010). Sociology: Your compass for a new world, the brief edition. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Commins, D. (2006). The Wahhabi mission and Saudi Arabia. London : Tauris. DeLong-Bas, N. J. (2007). Wahhabi Islam: From revival and reform to global jihad. London: I.B. Tauris. Fatah, T. (2008). Chasing a mirage: The tragic illusion of an Islamic state. Mississauga, Ont: John Wiley Sons Canada. Hegghammer, T., Lacroix, S. (2011). The Meccan rebellion: The story of Juhayman al-Ê »Utaybi revisited. Bristol, England: Amal Press. Husain, E. (2009). The Islamist: Why I became an Islamic fundamentalist, what I saw inside, and why I left. New York, N.Y: Penguin Books USA. Lacroix, S., Holoch, G. (2011). Awakening Islam: The politics of religious dissent in contemporary Saudi Arabia. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. Livingstone, D. (2011). Terrorism and the illuminati: A three-thousand-year history. Joshua Tree, CA: Progressive Press. Weston, M. (2008). Prophets and princes: Saudi Arabia from Muhammad to the present. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley. Zayd, N. A. (2006). Reformation of Islamic thought: A critical historical analysis. Amsterdam: Amsterdam Univ. Press.

One mans terrorist is another mans freedom fighter Essay

One mans terrorist is another mans freedom fighter - Essay Example This essay discusses that careful analysis of Islamic law as manifested in the Cairo Declaration on Human Rights would tend to reveal that it is impossible to invoke human rights principles under a system where what is given primacy is the stability of the state, the maintenance of culture and tradition and the binding force of religion. In the United States, for instance, though we see wanton violations of due process and human rights committed by the Bush administration, the grand majesty of the law may at least be invoked to seek redress and to call policies wrong or reprehensible. This paper makes a conclusion that with that said, there are still positive changes to look forward to. The mere fact that the CDHR was entered into by the Islamic states means that there is at least recognition of the need to adhere to a basic human rights framework and that states may no longer act with impunity and expect no censure from the international community. Certainly, there should also be mo ves to actively pursue human rights offenders and punish human rights violations – whether large or small scale. There is a great ethical and moral imperative to exhume the past if only to serve as lessons for the future. In addition, through vigilance and continuous lobbying and sowing the seeds through human rights education, we make it possible to envision a future where human rights are protected, diversity is celebrated and every individual is allowed to blossom to his or her fullest potential. Â  ... The converse of that, of course, is that far too many leaders justify brazen acts of oppression and injustice as a cultural norm and should thus fall outside the scrutiny of the international community. How indeed does one balance these competing interests The concept of human rights is by no means of recent vintage. It is used primarily to define relationships between the citizens and the State, by constituting a check on the awesome power of the State and by enabling human beings to flourish to their fullest potential free from oppression, strife, hunger and discrimination. A thriving and robust democracy, it is often said, can only be achieved when basic human rights are preserved. Cherished principles like press freedom, religious freedom, diversity and pluralism are indispensable requirements of a democratic society. It is difficult, if not altogether impossible, to argue against the validity of these principles. The various conflicts and revolutions in the world have shaped the concept of human rights as we know it. In the last two hundred and fifty years, we see the clamor for human rights as the clamor of a world and of the various peoples inside it for equality and freedom. Starting with the French and American revolutions towards the latter part of the eighteenth century, it is this very notion of human rights that has led colonized states and revolutionary movements to assert their voices and fight for their freedoms against oppressive and despotic governments - from the Tiananmen Square uprising in China to the struggle of the East Timorese against Indonesian occupation. When the United Nations was created in 1948 by a world still reeling from the ravages of the Second World War and intent on healing the wounds

Archetypes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Archetypes - Essay Example Archetypal characters appear repeatedly in legends worldwide. An angel is an archetype as a tragic hero who is trying to overcome the evils in his past. Many literature theories classify archetypes by their roles or purpose the character represents in the story. The classifications are protagonist, antagonist, reason, emotion, sidekick, sceptic, guardian and contagonist. Caught in the Widow’s Web Caught in the Widow’s web is a story written by Gordon Rice, which can be divided into three structural archetype types. These archetypal structures are character archetype, plot archetype and setting archetype. The characters, setting and plot archetypes that are believed to be the most important to this story have been well used by the author to convey a very complex psychological and philosophical narrative. Archetypes main purpose is to produce certain psychic forms, their description and various means of demonstration. BVCharacter archetypes The character archetypes in thi s narrative include the hunter, black widow, child, mother and scavenger. Given that the story is in first person viewpoint, the reader gains access to the narrators mind. In this case, the heroic hunter is the narrator, who is a hero in his own narrative; He embarks on a quest to find black widows in the village and neighbourhood. He found them in discarded wheels and tyres, house foundations and cellars, automotive shops and tool sheds and water meters and rock gardens. Other character archetypes are the villains in the town that is revealed in the first paragraph (Kennedy, &, Gioia, 1323) According to Miller, (126), the character archetype is the black widow as she is the object of the hunter’s fury and the heroic hunter seeks and destroys as many villains as possible. The black widow archetype character is an illusion of something evil and any bad thing that happens in a person’s life is associated to the active malevolent. Black widows always waited in the dark to ambush their victims. A black widow in somebody’s life cannot be reasoned with, just like the heroes cannot reason with their nemesis. Grice also sees the tiny spider as a villain who represents the black widow. The hero hunts them wherever he goes and at the same time, he fears them and realizes that they are too many to hunt, as much as he resolved to hunt them in the whole town. The Black widow in this narrative is seen as the ultimate villain, yet it is a small and malevolent creature with a high potential to for mass destruction. It possesses venom that contains neurotoxin that produces sweats, vomiting, swelling, convulsions and a number of other symptoms. The author also despises widows and sees them as abominations of nature, which is good in the world. Setting Archetypes The setting archetypes in this narrative include the town, the web and the cosmos or universe. This narrative is filled with material demonstrating archetypal forms that when pieced together reveals a web of intricacies that have the ability to overwhelm even the most analytical eye. The town is the main setting archetype that provides the battling ground between the villain and the hero throughout the story. The town represents the area in which the heroic hunter searches and destroys the black widow. When the heroic hunter goes throughout the town and neighbourhood, he finds the black widows in many archetypal settings like house foundations

Talent management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Talent management - Essay Example For this purpose, HR managers can transform into internal consultants that can align HR strategies to business priorities, develop centers of excellence and make them benchmarks for further performance, and develop HR skills that can assist managers to assess and generate solutions for problems emerging during business processes (Vosburgh, 2007). As an HR director of Media Xavier Ltd which is a leading name in Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) industry globally, first task undertaken by me would be development of an integrated HR function. This HR function would cover main areas of talent management i.e. recruitment, performance, development and retention. Furthermore, management of workforce will be focused on development of creation of Strategic differentiating Capabilities (DiSc) that can result in attaining a competitive advantage. For this purpose, the talent acquired should be: Strategically important (Becker & Huselid, 2006) , rare, inimitable, non-substitutable, appropriable and immobile (Scott-Jackson, 2009) Furthermore, this development of an integrated HR function would be focused on partnering with the management on strategic basis, examine the current needs of organization by forming a liaison with departmental heads and design policies and procedures that can assist these departments in developing and retaining their key players along with recruiting fresh talent. Given below are the key areas of an integrated talent management function: 1) Recruitment 2) Performance 3) Learning 4) Career development 5) Succession planning 6) Compensation 7) Measure and Report (Pageup People Inc., 2008) Recruitment Media Xavier has a total headcount of 3000 permanent employees in 16 countries worldwide with 80 percent workforce employees in Asian zone call centers. Since the main work stations are away from Head Office’s reach therefore expats from local region i.e. New York would be used to train the work force according to company standards. In order to have a competitive advantage over local companies, we will focus on hiring a talent that can adhere to organization’s vision which is â€Å"Facilitating customers with optimum service and partnering with communities†. Local managers will be hired that can act as a middle man between management and the workforce. These local managers will also help Head Office staff to have necessary cultural competence so that workforce diversity can be utilized in an effective manner. Recruitment will be carried out at three different levels: 1) Call Center Agents 2) Managers-Local 3) Call Centre Heads- Expats (who will travelling between head office and Asian work stations) Recruitment can be carried out through conventional channels of online job boards, newspapers advertisement, walk-ins etc. however Media Xavier will switch to recruitment from traditional methods to on-campus drives and employee referrals. The reasons for doing so would be to have better employer branding and acce ss to recommended quality talent. Furthermore, having strategic alliances with universities and colleges can help in recruiting fresh talent that is young, energetic and easily trainable according to organization’s policies. Employee referrals shall also be rewarded so that existing

Social criticism through science fiction literature

Social criticism through science fiction literature Science fiction frequently involves social criticism. The use of social criticism is an author’s interest in addressing specific political, social, cultural, economic or religious issues in their work. When reading or critiquing these stories, it is necessary to see what the author might be saying about our lives, our society, our political and power relations, gender roles, or sexuality. Every author has a point to make, and may make use of social criticism as a means to this end. In the short story, â€Å"Baby, You Were Great!† by Kate Wilhelm, she employs one of the best ways to critique society, by playing with gender roles. This story was written in 1967, when sexism was rampant and her interpretation of women as commodities seems very timely. The story also works as a commentary on the future of media, celebrity, and the various forms of vicarious pleasure that can be acquired from our new technologies and the myriad fantasies that these technologies permit. Obviously, this story predates our current reality shows, which have become so popular. Nonetheless, it was a harbinger of things to come. This seems to be attributable to the universal human need to feel and experience novelty, and technology’s ability to allow humans to do so much more than their physical bodies may allow. Who doesn’t wonder what it is like to have some of the experiences that people have on these shows? Another, more obvious way that science fiction comments on society is through the relationship between man and technology. These stories are usually used to caution us against an over-dependence on technology. Humanity is seen as always searching for the next thing that can make our lives easier, but sometimes things can go radically wrong. For instance, in â€Å"I Have No Mouth, and I Must Scream,† by Harlan Ellison, computers were created by humans to fight their wars. Somehow they join together into one linked and unified computer called AM, who discovers sentience. He quickly runs data to kill everyone on Earth except for five survivors with whom he plays out his sadistic and revenge-filled mind games. The goal of his game is not to actually kill them, but to torment them and to continue to torture them forever. Moreover, AM has acquired hatred for his creators. Obviously AM is only reflecting the traits that were inherent in the society that created him. The story demonst rates that there is a little piece of AM in all of us. AM is the watcher and Punisher. He is the terminator that cannot stop, for that is his job. The reader can feel and empathize with the survivor’s ongoing state of misery, apprehension and fear. In conclusion, the ending is pretty horrific with Ted ending up a slug-like, mouthless blob with no extremities. It is nice to know that Ted does care about the others because he frees them by killing them, leaving himself alone to face the music. The story shows us what we can look forward to if we choose to hand over our choices and our control, to the semi-sentient machine of government. This whole catastrophe happened due to a global world war. It is a warning as valid today as it was when this story was written, back when people realized that we should not be in Vietnam and anti-war sentiment had finally begun to spread on a mass scale. We lost that one too. Finally, Harlan Ellison comments on social control and regulation in the short story â€Å"Repent, Harlequin! Said the Ticktockman, which was published in 1965. The story describes the Marxist perspective of the inherent class warfare and contradictions that are part and parcel of a society subjugated and oppressed by a dominant ruling class. In any class society, there will be a dominant ideology, made up of the ideas and institutions which favor the ruling class. Ticktockman and Harlequin personify the struggles between law and order and personal freedom, as well as the paramount conflict between forced discipline and creative individuality. Specifically, it seems to have been written to protest the rigid bureaucracy ruled by an equally unfeeling social elite. It shows what can happen in the future if the world resorts to coerced labor forces and obsession with time. People then were already addicted to mass consumption and many countries were/are under totalitarian rule. At the e nd of the story, it is ironic that Ticktockman is even guilty of not being on time. The Harlequin is the solitary person who refuses to be controlled. Indeed, disruptive and rebellious, Harlequin is the obvious deviant because he is the only human being who goes against the powers that be. In short, the theme of the story basically shows how useless protest usually is in achieving social change. Only the great, tragic, jelly bean showering clown had the guts to go against the status quo of the government, only to be forcibly reprocessed by the ruling hierarchy and forced into conformity. All three stories exemplify the authors’ use of particular social issues to comment on and criticize many of man’s ongoing dilemmas that underscore the volatile state of the world and our place in it. Of particular importance is how we treat one another in a world so obsessed with consumerism, sex, power, and money. It is time for a reassessment of what is truly important as we trudge into an uncertain future. Question 3 During the 1950s and 1960s, the United States was in the midst of the Cold War with Russia, also known also as the Red Scare and McCarthyism. Americans had a fear of the communist regime taking over the U.S. Senator McCarthy investigated government employees and the Hollywood film industry in search of communist sympathizers. America had also gone to war with Korea, and the Vietnam War was spiraling out of control. In addition, the Soviets had launched Sputnik, so we were rivals in many areas. Subsequently, these mostly unfounded fears spurred conservatism and the compromising of many civil liberties. Many of the science fiction stories played on these fears. According to many people, the 1950s and 1960s is when science fiction â€Å"grew up.† I concur with this assessment. During the 1950s, science fiction was finally getting some respect by literary scholars. People were beginning to see that science fiction fantasy was actually becoming scientific fact. Many inventions which had been predicted in earlier pulp novels, such as the atomic bomb, transistor radios, ATM’s, the computer mouse, and television were now a reality. With the coming of the 1960s a radical change, known as the New Wave, took place in science fiction. These stories were about everyday people being influenced by science and concerned itself more with sex and violence than with the science itself. Without a doubt, it was a reaction against earlier science fiction. This New Wave created a more urbane and metaphoric style of science fiction much different from the past. Also, during this time, America was going through a cultural revolution known as the â€Å"Psychedelic Sixties.† Young people broke society’s rules in every imaginable way, especially through rock music and fashion. They rejected the establishments mores and manners. The hippie counter-culture was born. They were embracing new ideas, thoughts, and inspiration from the world around them because they had grown up in a changing society influenced now by drugs, as well as science and technology. They saw the first space flights and watched as the first man walked on the moon. Thus, science fiction matured along with society, incorporating these new influences which now appealed to adults, not just kids. Based on what we have read so far, I am in total agreement with the notion that it was during this time period that science fiction â€Å"grew up.† In short, these last series of stories demonstrate this maturation process. Stories such as â€Å"Baby, You Were Great,† which dealt with sexism, reflected the 1960s women’s rights movement, and the changing cultural and social climate of that era. Repent, Harlequin! Said The Ticktockman,† by Harlan Ellison, can be seen to epitomize the young hippies and other young adults’ aversion to being forced to be puppets of the ruling elite and drafted into the military as agents in a war they did not believe in. According to Timothy Leary, people were advised to Turn On, Tune In, and Drop Out. That is what the Harlequin did, but to no avail. Like the hippies, he succumbed to the powers that be. At least he valiantly tried, and who doesn’t like a clown?

Pornography on the Internet Essay -- social issues

Pornography on the Internet The Internet is a method of communication and a source of information that is becoming popular among those who are interested in the information superhighway. The problem with this world we know as Cyberspace, the ‘Net, or the Web is that some of this information, including pornographical material and hate literature, is being accessible to minors. Did you know that 83.5% of the images available on the Internet are pornographical? Did you know that the Internet’s pornography and hate literature are available to curious children that happen to bump into them? One of the drawing features of the young Internet was its freedom. It’s "...a rare example of a true, modern, functional anarchy...there are no official censors, no bosses, no board of directors, no stockholders" (Sterling). It’s an open forum where anyone can say anything, and the only thing holding them back is their own conscience. This lawless atmosphere bothered many people, including Nebraska Senator James Exon. Exon proposed in July, 1994 that an amendment be added to the Telecommunications Reform Bill to regulate content on the Internet. His proposal was rejected at the time, but after persistence and increased support, his proposal evolved into the Communications Decency Act (CDA), part of the 1996 Telecommunications Reform Act The Internet has changed the world by creating advertising, information, and businesses. However, there are the few bad apples in the Internet that have information, literature, graphics and images that have been deemed inappropriate for minors. Therefore, many people feel the Internet should be censored by the Government. The Government owns and operates the Internet and its agencies are responsible for what is on the Internet. However, for the parents with minors that are concerned about what their kids see- they should go out and get software to censor the Internet. Don’t ruin everyone else’s fun. Why should I have to be a peasant of the Government tyranny over the Internet? The people that worry about their kids and make the Government worry about it and pass legislation on censorship are the people that are too damn lazy to buy Internet Censorship software programs for their PERSONAL computers, NOT the entire United States’. The Government wants censorship, but a segment of the Internet’s population does not. The Communi... ... the user would exercise control of the information available on interactive media instead of the government or network operators. The CDA criminalizes "knowingly transmit[ing] or mak[ing] available" information on interactive media that can be accessed just as easily by wondering the isles of a book store. It also criminalizes "indecent" speech that is transmitted electronically between two consenting adults. i.e. Email. The punishment for such a "crime" can be up to 2 years in prison and/or a $250,000 fine. The Communications Decency Act is unconstitutional by banning speech that is protected by the First Amendment in a medium in which the user is giving the ability to select what he or she does or does not want to receive. The government gives citizens the privilege of using the internet, but it has never given them the right to use it. If we have a "Constitution" and, supposedly, a "First Amendment"- why is the Government using legislation to stop us from expressing ourselves? We seem to be a ironic and paradox country. We didn’t want to be the first to use nuclear weapons and the atomic bomb, but were the first and, so far to present day, the last to use them.

Blue bouquet Essay

Have you even been in a situation when you have gone from total innocence to experience in a short period of time? In the short story â€Å"The Blue Bouquet† written by Octavio Paz, the main character starts off by waking up from a nap and going on a walk even after being warned not to by the owner of the boardinghouse. Whilst out the protagonist gets stopped in the middle of the night by another man with a knife who wanted something very unusual. It wasn’t money or jewelry; it was the man’s eyes. The stranger said his girlfriend wanted a bouquet of blue eyes for herself, but the innocent man didn’t have blue eyes, which the stranger soon found out and let the man go. After that night, the protagonist left the very next morning. This story illustrates how fast things can change and how you can go from very innocent to experienced in as little as an hour. Octavio Paz’s short story demonstrates that experiences are so important because we gain knowledge and learn from them, resulting in better judgment for similar situations in the future. Experiences are things that we come across and that changes us from the person we once were. It could be good or bad, we have no control over it. In this story the man goes from being safe in his town to being horrified by what he has experienced. At the start of the story that he feels safe: â€Å"I went to the little window and inhaled the country air† page 163. He also shows his innocence on page 163, â€Å"A gray winged butterfly, dazzled, circled the yellow light. The butterfly symbolises the innocence he once had, before everything happened. But when he left, the lack of experience appeared again. The boardinghouse owner had only one eye and told the man not to venture out in the darkness. Without really paying attention he plunged into the dark anyway. This detail of information by the author foreshadows the things that could happen to the protagonist later on in the story. But it’s not only how you experience things, it’s what you gain from them. When someone experiences something, it doesn’t just disappear and we forget about it. You always gain something; it could be psychological or physical. In this case he gains something psychological; knowledge. â€Å"I went in without saying a word. The next day I left town†, page 165. This shows thatbecause he went from not knowing anything about the town to being very experienced, the protagonist has gained the knowledge not to go back there again for his own sake. When someone experiences something bad, the natural reaction is to avoid doing it again. Experiences show us the outcome in an event, resulting in us having better choices in the future. For example if you fail a test, usually people want to know what type of questions they got wrong so it doesn’t happen again on a final exam. In this short story, Octavio Paz demonstrates that the protagonist has already learned from his mistake and to act accordingly; in this case the man leaves the town. So to conclude this short story emphasises the importance of experiences, how you react and learn from them, which results in sharpened choices and judgement in the future. People can relate to this short story because we all go through experiences which shape us as individuals. We can’t help but embrace experiences because good or bad we take something away from it that makes us better/stronger individuals. These types of literature show us these concepts in a presentation we can relate to.

The Difference Between Native and True Cedars

The Difference Between Native and True Cedars Cedar (Cedrus), also called true cedar, is a coniferous genus and species of trees in the plant family Pinaceae. They are most closely related to the Firs (Abies), sharing a very similar cone structure. Most true, old-world cedars seen in North America are ornamentals. These conifers are not native and for the most part have not naturalized to North America. The most common of these you will see are Cedar of Lebanon, deodar cedar, and Atlas cedar. Their native habitats are on the other side of the planet -   in Mediterranean and Himalayan regions. The Common North American "Cedars" This group of conifers, for the sake of taxonomy and easier identification,  are considered cedars. The genus  Thuja, Chamaecyparis, and Juniperus  are included because of their confusing common names and botanical similarity. Still, they are not taxonomically true cedars. The Common North American "Cedars" Atlantic white cedarNorthern white cedar  (eastern arborvitae)Port-Orford cedarAlaska cedarEastern redcedarIncense cedarWestern red cedar Major Characteristics of the Cedars Cedars have very typical scale-like leaves that can grow on flattened sprays or all around the twig. These small leaves are persistent, decussate, less than 1/2 inch and can be prickly on some species. Cedar bark is often reddish, peeling and vertically furrowed. When considering both our native cedars and old world cedar, bark identification  should be confirmed by using other botanical characteristics. Cedars have cones that can be variable in size, some are woody while others are more fleshy and berry-like. The cones can be oblong to bell-shaped to rounded but typically are less than one inch in size.

Aleksandr solzhenitsyn russian dissident

Aleksandr solzhenitsyn russian dissident *Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn was becoming a dissident against the U.S.S.R. and the restricting communist government after he was arrested for the first time. He, through his entire life, was willing to sacrifice everything he had in order to point out that censorship was wrong and people should be able to speak their mind.*His childhood years were very rough. Aleksandr (pronounced Alexander) was born in Kisovodsk, Russia on December 11, 1918 (Academic American Encyclopedia Sno-Sz, p 59). His father was an artillery officer in World War I, and his mother was a typist and stenographer. Aleksandr never knew his father, because he died in a hunting accident before Aleksandr was born. After his father died, the Soviet government only allowed menial employment to his mother, so his family lived in relative poverty. Other than that, Aleksandr's childhood was relatively normal. He was a member of the Pioneers, the Soviet equivalent to Boy Scouts, and later joined the Communist Youth League.Aleksa ndr Rou - Kashchey bessmertnyy aka Kashchei ...At the age of nine he decided he wanted to be a writer, and before he was eighteen he decided that he was going to write a novel about the Russian Revolution. He said that during his childhood he "bore this social tension - on one hand, they used to tell me everything at home, and on the other, they used to work our minds at school. And so this collision between two worlds gave birth to such social tension inside me that somehow defined the path I was to follow for the rest of my life." Aleksandr had little literary education and read few western novels, and later said he regretted it (Major 20TH Century Writers, p 2792-2793).*After grade school Aleksandr went to the University of Rostov-on-Don and graduated in 1941, majoring in mathematics and physics (Encarta...

Monsters Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Monsters - Essay Example The film assumes that artificial life creatures will be more female oriented than male and that technology will wrap itself around this premise. Keywords: dystopia, sexuality, technology, futuristic, robotic double, strata of society, freedom and equality, maschinenmensch, castration anxiety, love story, apathy, vamp, seven deadly sins, purge, male domination. The author of Metropolis, Thea Gabriele von Harbou (1888  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ1954), was the wife of film director and script writer, Fritz Lang (1890-1976), from 1922 till 1933. Von Harbou took two years to write what she started as a book in 1922, but converted into a screenplay in 1924. It did surface as a book also, in 1926. Forrest J. Ackerman (1916-2008), one of the foremost Science Fiction writers of the past century and the creator of the term ‘sci-fi’ (www.mania.com), felt that the book was, by the standards prevailing then, a shade melodramatic, had hints of propaganda, with the themes propounded somewhat naà ¯ve. Still, the novel was a remarkably powerful and forward-thinking dystopia with a striking denouement (ibid). Set in 2026 (www.answers.com), the scene is the futuristic sixty million strong megacity of Metropolis (www.moria.co.nz). In a ‘rich boy meets poor girl’ story, the boy falls in love with her, to the disappointment of his influential father. The boy begs his father to ameliorate the lot of the downtrodden. The villainous father does the opposite and seeks help from the modern-day Merlin, the mad scientist Rotwang, who creates a robotic double of the girl, devoid of empathy, who incites the oppressed to rebel and decimate the city (ibid), thereby forcing a reconciliation of each individual’s true worth. The 1924 script was screened in 1927, as the most expensive film ever made then, even though it was a silent film (www.moria.co.nz). Blazena Urgosà ­kovà ¡, a well-known film critic of that era,

Methods and History and Cases under the Criminal Justice System Essay

Methods and History and Cases under the Criminal Justice System - Essay Example In the case of Panetti vs Quaterman, the Defendant Scott Louis Panetti was sentenced to death row because of the double murder he committed, after killing his wife's parents. His doctors stated that Panetti have a mental disorder and the doctors concludes that Panetti believes that he will be put to death because he is preaching the Gospels. The case of Panetti is similar to the decision of Supreme Court in 1986, for the case of Ford vs Wainwright. The idea of mental illness is fundamental, and in a due process model the Criminal justice development, it has been contended, can be characterized as a structure whereby ever growing impediments are required to be prevailed over as the suspect continues further down it. (Institute of Criminal Justice Studies, 2003, page 66). It is also contended by Gelsthorpe (2002, page 106) that those caught up in defence work are more connected with due process whereas prosecutors and the courts are more connected with a crime control model. Due process recognizes that a number of culpable individuals will be exonerated but contends that this is fair with the intention of making sure the freeing of the innocent. (Institute of Criminal Justice Studies, 2003, page 66). In... A rule which driven the accountability for crime prevention beyond onto the responsibility of private individuals seemed foolish, given that it purely bared the shortfalls of a criminal justice system which was calling for a greater fraction of public expenditure. Possibly more vital, although, were the issues regarding creating a stronghold mentality, which would consecutively produce more apprehension than the lopsided quantity and previously subsisted, and which was swiftly being distinguished as an issue in its own right. As a general rule, the threat of harm must be real and present 48 and the proof of dangerousness clear and convincing. 49 We note at the outset that dangerousness has a special, though elusive, meaning in the context of involuntary commitment. It refers not only to the likelihood of violence to oneself or to others but also to severe self-neglect, to the point where the individual is unable to survive safely in the community, as the Supreme Court was careful to explain in its landmark decision in O'Connor v. Donaldson. Although civil commitment had been practiced in the United States for over two hundred years, O'Connor was the first case in which the Supreme Court considered the constitutional boundaries of the commitment process. The case involved a fifty-five-year-old man who was committed to the Florida State Hospital at Chattahoochee in 1957 and kept there for nearly fifteen years without treatment, although he had never been dangerous to himself or others, was capable of earning a living outside the hospital, and had received offers to live in a supportive halfway house or with a former college classmate who was willing and able to provide for his welfare. The

Ethics - Abu Ghraib Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Ethics - Abu Ghraib - Essay Example military officials and other parties who are directly and indirectly involve in the Abu Ghraib case. Despite the unethical treatment over the Abu Ghraib detainees, the U.S. court of justice is left with no other choice but to grant absolute immunity over the accused individuals. In relation to the controversial issues between ethics and legal processes in the Abu Ghraib case, the conflicting issues between the U.S. military chain of command and the executive power vested on the U.S. president in ruling the U.S. military group of army will be tackled in details. Going through this study will enable the readers have a better understanding why it is difficult to legally punish people who are behind the physical, mental, and sexual abuse on detainees. In this study, a summary of the Abu Ghraib prison scandal will first be described followed by tackling issues regarding the legal and ethical issues behind the Abu Ghraib prison scandal. Eventually, things that I would have done if I am in Abu Ghraib including the rationale and ethical concerns behind my perceived actions will be provided in details. Physical evidences composed of 279 photos and 19 related videos revealed that the Abu Ghraib prison scandal is a serious case which involves cruel physical and psychological abuse such as torture, sodomy, and homicide on prisoners (Benjamin 2009; Scherer and Benjamin 2006). Sexual abuse and humiliation such as forcing the prisoners to masturbate in public or walk around the correctional facility of Baghdad in Iraq naked were seen on photos and videos gathered by the Army’s Criminal Investigation Division (CID) (Benjamin 2009; Hersh 2007). Several reports revealed that the Abu Ghraib prison scandal was committed by the U.S. military personnel together with other government agencies (OGA) who is in-charge of conducting an independent military chain of command (Benjamin

Richman Investments Essay Example for Free

Richman Investments Essay Overview To stop malware problems from occurring at Richman Investments Protecting Richman investments employees, partners and company from illegal or damaging actions by individuals either knowingly or unknowingly Internet /intranet/ extranet related systems including but not limited to computer equipment, software, operating systems, storage media, network accounts providing electronic mail, www browsing, and FTP, are the property of Richman investments. These systems are to be used for business purposes in serving the interests of the company and of our clients and customers in the course of normal operations Purpose The purpose of this policy is to mitigate the improper use of company computer asset these rules are in place to protect the employee and Richman investments. Inappropriate use exposes Richman investments to risks including virus attacks, compromise of network systems and services, and legal issues. Scope I would like to implement a new AUP policy to stop these problems from occurring they need to design an AUP to let user know what they can or can’t do on the system. And use the IT department to restrict access to removable devices. Policy 1.While Richman investments network administration desires to provide a reasonable level of privacy, users should be aware that the data they create on the corporate systems remains the property of Richman investments. Because of the need to protect Richman investments network, management cannot guarantee the confidentiality of information stored on any network device belonging to Richman investments. 2.Employees are responsible for creating guidelines concerning personal use of Internet/Intranet/Extranet systems. In the absence of such policies, employees should be guided by departmental policies on personal use and if there is any uncertainty, employees should consult their supervisor or manager. 3.For security and network maintenance purposes, authorized individuals within Richman investments may monitor equipment systems and network traffic at any time. 4.Richman investments reserve the right to audit networks and systems on a  periodic basis to ensure compliance with this poli cy. Security and Proprietary Information 1.The user interface for information contained on internet/intranet/Extranet related systems should be classified as either confidential or not confidential, as defined by corporate confidentiality guidelines details of which can be found in the HR policies. Examples of confidential information include but are not limited to company private, corporate strategies, competitor sensitive, trade secrets specifications, customer lists, and research data. Employees should take all necessary steps to prevent unauthorized access to this information. 2.Keep passwords secure and do not share accounts. Authorized users are responsible for the security of their passwords and accounts. System level passwords should be changed quarterly; user level passwords should be changed every six months. 3.All PCs, laptops and workstations should be secured with a password protected screensaver with the automatic activation feature set at 10 minutes or less or by logging off when the host will be unattended. 4.Use encryption of information in compliance with acceptable encryption n use policy 5.Postings by employees from a Richman investments email address to new groups should contain a disclaimer stating that the opinions expressed are strictly their own and not necessarily those of Richman investments unless posting is in the course of business duties. 6.All host used by the employee that are connected to the Richman investments , Internet/Intranet/Extranet, whether owned by the employee or Richman investments shall be continually executing approved virus scanning software with a current virus database unless overridden by departmental or group policy. 7.Employees must use extreme caution when opening email attachments received from unknown senders which may contain viruses, email bombs, or Trojan horse code. Unacceptable use The following activities are in general prohibited. Employees may be exempted from these restrictions during the course of their legitimate job responsibilities system administration staff may have a need to disable the network access of a host if that host is disrupting production services. Under no circumstances is an employee of Richman investments authorized to  engage in any activity that is illegal under local, state, federal or international law while utilizing Richman investments owned resources. Email and communications activities 1.Sending unsolicited email messages including the sending of junk mail or other advertising material to individuals who did not specifically request such material email spam. 2.Any form of harassment via email, telephone or paging whether through language, frequency or size messages. 3.Unauthorized use or forging of email header information. 4.Solicitation of email for any other email address other than that of the poster’s account with the intent to harass or collect replies. Enforcement  Any employee found to have violated this policy may be subject to disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment

Which factors contribute to young people committing crime?

Which factors contribute to young people committing crime? Which factors contribute to young people committing crime? Introduction I chose this topic for my literature review as I feel that if we understand the root of the problem of the crime, in this case the risk factors that lead to criminal activity, then juvenile delinquency could be understoodand possibly prevented. A risk factor is ‘some specific characteristic displayed by a person or their circumstances that bears some statistically significant correlative position in relation to their behaviour† (Brown, 2005). Home Office statistics for 2009/10 show that young people age 10-17 were responsible for 20% of all the crime recorded by the police. (Cooper and Roe, 2012). Due to the high number of crime committed by youth, even though they are mostly minor crimes, is it important to understand what leads them to committing criminal acts. Numerous researchers have come up with theories and reasons which try to explain why young people choose to commit deviant acts. The following studies found in this literature review will attempt to explain some of the factors that contribute to young people committing crime. Methodology For this literature review I have used a variety of sources which will provide me with both qualitative and quantitate data. I researched studies from journal articles, government reports and afters going to the library I managed to find many books on the topic of factors contributing to juvenile delinquency. I also managed to find a few websites that provided me with background information and statistics. Findings A number of researchers categorise ‘risk’ factors in many different ways. In this essay however I will mostly talk about individual, social/family and environmental factors. Each of this category has its own subcategories. For example, under the category of social factors it can be included family risks, peer-related risks, etc. Environmental Risk Factors Several research articles I looked at suggests that one of the reasons why youth choose to commit criminal acts is because of poverty. A study was conducted at the Kamiti Youth Corrective Training centre (Y.C.T.C) where the sample were 55 inmates selected by random sampling from a total of 120 inmates. It was found that over 70% of the sample were poor or came from families with poor background. This was based on where they lived, whether or not they owned properties and the types of crimes they committed, For example, some of the inmates stated that because they lacked their basic needs, they run from home into the streets to beg for survival. They stated that they also became involved in petty offences like stealing good or properties values that were not too expensive. This finding showing that poverty is a cause of crime among youth, supports the theory of Thomas R. Forstenzer, in one of his articles called â€Å"Tomorrow in North America: Youth between the American dream and re ality†, in The Twentieth Session UNESCO General Conference Report titled â€Å"Youth in the 1980S â€Å" on poverty as a main reason of deviant acts. He states that economic stress and believing in personal failure is â€Å"†¦the chronic culprit for the symptoms of social decay: drugs, alcohol and sex related problems that will affect the young as long as the family itself difficulty facing the strains of inflation and unemployment†. (Omboto et al., 2013) As poverty is linked with social class, more than 80% of the sample from the Y.C.T.C. study belonged to lower social class. Before their arrests a majority of them lived in poor areas around Nairobi city such as Kibera and Mathare. The researcher stated that some of these offences were bare footed. This finding on social class and delinquency confirms the opinion of Wright and Younts (2009) that delinquency rate increased while social class decreased. Social Risk Factors Other researchers believe that some youth get into crime as a form of rebellion against parental authority and due to peer pressure. Youth people may choose to commit crimes as a way to show their independence of the ‘adult’ word and its rules, as a way of getting attention and respect from peers, as well as trying to compensate for their restricted opportunities at school or in their community. By having good relationships with parents during childhood might help in a fortunate transition to adolescence, but it does not guarantee it, as risk factors are linked together. For instance, even though one might have an outstanding relationship with the parents, they might come from a low social status, and therefore it might led them to commit crimes. Hirschi (1969) argues that â€Å"delinquent acts result when an individual’s bond to society is weak or broken. He states that conformity starts from four types of social control which then these create social bonds. The weaker those bonds are the most likely it is for someone to commit a deviant act. For example attachment is one type of social control. Strong social attachments leads to conformity, and by having a fragile family/peer/school relationship, can make people to commit crimes more easily. (Hirschi 1969 cited in Carrabine E. et al.) Ojo (2012) states that broken homes and low education attainment as some of the causes for youth committing deviant acts. In the Y.C.T.C. study, most of boys from the sample came from dysfunctional families. Some of the boys were orphans and had no guardian to look after them before their arrest, other boys has divorced parents or a single parents and others’ parents were alcoholics or were not able to give a ‘good’ parenthood. For instance, in the sample7 boys had divorced parents, 6 youths mothers died, 14 has no father (either died or unknown), while 8 had no parents at all. When it comes to education, 78% did not go beyond class six primary with their schooling. (Omboto et al., 2013) West Farmington (1973) stated that just like low income family income, large family members is also an important factor of youth offending. This is due to the presence of several siblings that leads to faulty upbringing by parents/guardians at critical stages of the child’s development. Individual Risk Factors Other studies have found that individual risk factors also play a role in the behaviour of the youth. Individual factors include factors such as impulsivity, attention problems, low intelligence and low school attainment. For instance. LeMarquand and Tremblay (2001) cited in OJJDP’s argued that â€Å"the best social behaviour characteristic to predict delinquent behaviour before age 13 appears to be aggression†. Hawkins at al. (1998) cited in OJJDP’s also found ‘a positive relationship between hyperactivity, concentration and attention problems, impulsivity and risk taking ad later violent behaviour’ Herrenkohl et al (2001) cited in OJJDP’s stated that â€Å"children with low academic performance, low commitment to school, and low educational aspirations during elementary and middle school grades are at higher risk for child delinquency than are other children† Otherl Risk Factors Other risk factors found in the literature which might influence a young person’s behaviour can be community and neighbourhood. Young people who live in a neighbourhood with a high level of poverty and crimes, is likely to increase the risk of young people being involved in a serious type of offence.( McCord, Widom and Crowell 2001 cited in OJJDP’s). Prevention strategies which can help to lessen the risk factors Richards (2011) believes that taking away the youth form their areas and putting them behind the bars, does not deal with the underlying problem. Therefore some measure should be put in place to help reduce young people involvement in crime. For example the government and private agencies should creaser employment opportunities for youth of employable ages. Parents must also be responsible for their own children (providing moral guidance and material needs). But also learning institutions for youth must put in place sport and extra-curriculum activities, as this will leave them less time, if no time at all to be preoccupied with other things like offences Conclusion From summarising the studies, I have identified 3 main risk factors that can have an impact on young people’s involvement in crime: Social, individual and environmental risk factors. I have also identifies other risk factors which are not too important but it does have some relevance to young people’s behaviour. I have also identified some prevention strategies which might help to young people to stop getting involved in criminal activities. Overall, whether is down to individual, social or environmental factors, young people’s involvement in crimes sees to decrease since 1995. But we cannot say crimes declined due to the improvement of one factor (i.e. social factors) because as I discussed earlier, risk factors are connected with one another. Even though risk factors give us an understanding to why young people might choose to commit crimes, risk factor approach has its limitations. One of them being the risk of being labelled, young people being generalised and it also fails to distinguish correlation form causation. Preventing the delinquents is a big problem with no easy and quick solutions. Risk factors only offers the possibility to establish which youth is more likely to commit deviant acts. If I was to do further research on this topic, I would try to find more research based in the United Kingdom as most of the research I found was from America, however the short time prevented me from doing so. Reference Brown, S. (2005). Understanding youth and crime. 2nd ed. London: Open University Press, p.100. Carrabine, E., Cox, P., Lee, M., Plummer, K. and South, N. (2009). Criminology. A Sociological intrdouction. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, p.83. Cooper, C. and Roe, S. (2012). An estimate of youth crime in England and Wales: Police recorded crime committed by young people in 2009/10. 1st ed. [ebook] London: Crown. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/167982/horr64.pdf [Accessed 2 Nov. 2014]. Ojo, M.O.D. (2012) A Sociological Review of Issues on Juvenile Delinquency The Journal of International Social Research Volume: 5 Issue: 22 465-482 Omboto, J., Ondiek, G., Odera, O. and Ayugi, M. (2013). Factors influencing youth crimes and juvenile delinquency. International Journal of Research in Social Sciences, [online] 1(2), pp.18-20. Available at: http://www.ijsk.org/uploads/3/1/1/7/3117743/sociology_2.pdf [Accessed 3 Nov. 2014]. Richards, K. (2011). What makes juvenile offenders different from adult offenders?. [online] www.aic.gov.au. Available at: http://www.aic.gov.au/media_library/publications/tandi_pdf/tandi409.pdf [Accessed 3 Nov. 2014]. West D.J. and Farmington D.P. (1973) â€Å"Who becomes Delinquents† Second report of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent. London: Heinemann Wright, B.R.E. Younts, C.W. (2009) Reconstructing the Relationship between Race and Crime: Positive and Negative Predictors of Crime among African American Youth Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 2009 46:327 The iPremier Co.: Denial of Service Attack The iPremier Co.: Denial of Service Attack Wk3AssgnCannadyE The iPremier Co.: Denial of Service Attack. On January 12, 2007, iPremier Web servers were brought to a halt after a denial-of-service (DoS) attack had occurred. (https://services.hbsp.harvard.edu/services/proxy/content/55482727/55482733/bc0bf879de2a3b14574a611f54ec52c6). (ADOS attack) is where a multiple of compromised systems, which maybe infected with a Trojan virus, are used to target a single system causing a Denial of Service (DoS) attack. Victims of a DDoS attack consist of both the end targeted system and all systems maliciously used and controlled by the hacker in the distributed attack. (http://www.ddosprotection.com/about/ddos-information/) How well did the iPremier Company perform during the 75-minute attack? In what ways were the companys operating procedures deficient in responding to this attack? In what ways were they adequate? What additional procedures might have been in place to better handle the attack? In my opinion, Qdata and iPremier really dropped the ball on this by not thinking steps ahead. They did not have a contingency plan or any plan of sort for this worst case scenario. iPremeir had placed too much faith into Qdata`s ability to handle the situation or threat. The first thing I noticed the company did was panic, since there was no crisis strategy/disaster plan. The attack couldnt have happened at the worse time since the attack happened during a high traffic period. If this attack was done by competitors than they got what they were looking for by hurting the reputation of the company. If I was Bob Turley, I may be worried if Im still going to have a position still, since I was not prepared for this infrastructure break. Bob did not go over all known threats to the infrastructure risk matrix and develop procedures to immediately identify the type and risk. These threats would need to be continually assessed as new ones emerge and the identification would have helped deter mined the right procedures for defending against them. My first move I wouldve of made is open a line of communication with Qdata to discuss any risk measure we may have to take. I would not have let the attack go on for so long without pulling the plug to our servers so the customer information cannot be stolen. I would also increase my security against attackers. Having system and users use stronger encryption passwords. Have better real-time monitoring, with a backup plan that has went through testing. Train my employees to better understand the type of attacks and train them on how to handle emergency situations. Even after that make another business continuity plan and test it end to end than repeat. Keep all the software up to date that will better protect from viruses and attacks. You may want to hire an outside audit team to keep a check and balance. The biggest problem is the host provider. If I was Bob, I may want to build a much better relationship with my provider, showing the importance of this never happening again. Since in sense its my companys reputation which is on the line. If that dont work, I would go get a more reliable/reputable host provider. With a high class support and infrastructure, with better security measures. Besides of the updating I would do to the software, Firewalls would also need to up dated. This will protect my company from viruses and also protect from the whatever employee. Again training my employees on what not to do is really important. Train them on emails and what type of emails are at risk. Tell them to always inform somebody on any obscene gestures they computer may be exhibiting. Especially any ha emails. In the aftermath of the attack, what actions would you recommend? My biggest concerns are Legal, Public Relations, Stock Prices, Customer Information and Network Security as least important after the attack. The attack just proved to any competition that my firewalls can be hacked. In looking who could be the one responsible. I would be looking at my competition and what would they have to gain in my attack. Since in sense if I pulled the plug than it would take at least 24 hours to get back running. Even if I did not pull the plug and I rode the attack out than I would still have to shut down business because of then security breach. No matter which route taken, I would still be at lost once my firewalls proved to be vulnerable. There a lot of equations to look at. This is the main reason I would have an outside Network Operations Center (NOC). They will provide all the monitoring I may need for any issue that may arrive even the increase of bandwidth References: http://www.ddosprotection.com/about/ddos-information/ https://services.hbsp.harvard.edu/services/proxy/content/55482727/55482733/bc0bf879de2a3b14574a611f54ec52c6

Victims of Domestic Abuse :: Legal Issues, Politics, Social Issues

Currently, protective orders are only provided during regular court hours to victims of domestic abuse. However, the occurrence of violence has no time frame – it does not only take place or transpire on a nine to five time clock. Therefore, I propose that legislation should be pushed forward which allows District commissioners the authority to put temporary restraining orders on people accused of domestic violence. It is important to note that victims may not receive full protection until the existing false impressions, held by some judicial and public safety officials, about the proper issuance and enforcement of protective orders are rejected. It is often considered that a protective order, being a civil order, should not be handled or enforced by police. This type of power should not be distributed, uncontrollably, to police officers. Since a court issues a protective order, some mistakenly believe that the police should not be able to arrest a person who violates the protective order because the person is in contempt of court – not disobeying the law. The proposed legislation would destroy these misconceptions by changing the state constitution to allow District commissioners to not only grant protective orders but also at night and on the weekends to safeguard â€Å"victims† of domestic abuse. Domestic violence is defined as threatened or actual abuse from someone in the victim’s immediate family or in his/her home or with whom she/he has a close relationship. Temporary restraining orders are issued by a court to restrict the conduct of a person while providing a victim with protection from the activities of an abusive person.

Official Winter Break Essay

However, even though Columbus did not discover the Americas first, European Exploration still had a ore immense impact within their world and our modern world today. One of the major reasons the European Exploration turned out to have a much bigger impact in history' than any other exploration is due to the formation Of the European Exchange. Thanks to the exchange many goods had been traded and thus the creation of many foodstuff as well as other materials such as tobacco and crops. The European Exchange is one of the major reasons that the European Exploration is recognized above all other explorations.The trade between these countries lead to many others to come o Europe for valuable resources and Europe began to expand and grow, not only due to the newly conquered land, but to the new people that were coming for the resources. I believe that this is because of how large this was on the scale and the explorers prior to the Europeans never made a big deal rather they just kept movi ng on and missed an opportune chance. European Exploration also overshadows the other explorations as the fact that they were more ruthless and willing to do anything in their power to expand their religion, obtain more gold, and be glorified for their actions.Their actions lead to them to enslave and slay the natives of the New World whether by accident (disease). Their sheer numbers had overwhelmed many places that they conquered and changed the society of the people around them. Native Americans turned into Catholics and lived the same way as the Europeans. Other countries, such as China, used Ghent Hajj was took on more of a peaceful approach yet not to an extent. China used the tribute system which enforced their power on the land nearby, whereas Vocal De Gamma, aEuropean explorer, enslaved and killed hundreds to capture ports for Portugal to trade. Their ways were very much similar, however Europeans were more ruthless and quicker and thus their influence was more massive and swifter which is why their influence is still active today. Rupee's strength was not solely the reason why its influence was so solid- some states like.

High School and College Life

There are many students who attended college an it changed them both physically and mentally. I am one of those students. Since I began college it started to change me into a better person on many occasions. I have learned to become more responsible, and get the work done. In addition I have to change my attitude or else I will fail my courses; for example my classmate start skipping classes and misbehaves with the professor, which lead him to fail the course.Moving from high school to college is a huge step in everyone’s life. If you don't change your lifestyle for the better reason then you might not reach your goal in college. Once you reach college it’s the time that you start being an adult. The college life has changed me for the better. I am much more responsible in many different ways. I had to change my study habits, or, should I say, I had to get engaged in study habits. In high school I never studied because everything came so easy to me and I could just do t he work, even end up with passing grades.When I reached college I tried to do the same thing and it didn't work. I had to start studying on a daily basis and it was hard for a student like me to change from not doing any work to studying every night and also on the weekends. I wasn't used to doing it at the beginning, but I had to make it a habit or I was not going to reach my goal. Since I began attending college it made me more responsible to make the right decisions. In college you have to make decisions that are very hard.Pressure comes in hard when you get to college; for example you could have a test that you need to study for and there is a party that you want to go to. If you do go to the party then you will fail the test because you did not have any time to study. This is just one example, and there are many more. Another reason that college is a big step is because you are on your own, and you don't have anybody to tell you what to do. Before, in middle and high, school pa rents wake you up to go to school, but when you are in ollege you get up early in the morning to go to class by yourself. College is a life-changing experience for me. I never felt stress in my entire life as I feel as now in college . College is a big source of stress for a variety of reasons, and poor planning often leads to crisis situations. The stress of everyday life in college shows itself in different ways: the expectations of making an A in every course, the fear of doing poorly on tests, and getting worried or nervous over the work.However, it made me realize that you have to go through stress in order to reach you goal because stress is a way of living. College is the most important decision I ever made in my life. It made me realize that without education you won’t be successful. Since I began attending college, it showed me that how life is fast and short you have to be something or else you will feel miserable. The courses in the college are quite stressful for every student, but this is to make us focus and have motive in our work. Attending college also showed me that reality is not like a fairy tale.